3D printing troubleshooting
Layer cracking (delamination)
Also known as: the part cracks or splits along layers on tall prints.
The symptom
Tall parts develop horizontal cracks between layers, sometimes with an audible 'crack' mid-print. The part splits cleanly along those lines under stress.
Causes and fixes, ranked by likelihood
- 1
Printing temperature too low: the new layer doesn't remelt the previous one enough to weld.
Fix: Raise the temp 5-10 °C (within the filament's range). With thick layers and big nozzles, aim at the upper half of the maker's range.
Source: Simplify3D — Print Quality Guide: Layer Separation and Splitting ↗ - 2
Too much cooling or cold draughts: each layer cools before the next arrives (the classic on open-frame ABS/ASA).
Fix: For ABS/ASA: fan at 0-20% and an enclosure — check whether your printer has one in the compatibility matrix. For tall thin PLA, drop the fan from 100% to 60-80%.
Source: Prusa Knowledge Base — Layer separation and splitting (FDM) ↗ - 3
Layer height too large for the nozzle: lines barely touching.
Fix: Keep layer height under 80% of nozzle diameter (0.4 → max 0.32 mm). Beyond that, layer bonding falls off a cliff.
Source: Simplify3D — Print Quality Guide: Layer Separation and Splitting ↗
The material factor
ABS and ASA are the delamination kings on open printers: they shrink while cooling and layers pull themselves apart. Without an enclosure, stick to PLA/PETG for tall parts.
hotend tools that help here
FAQ
- Can I just glue the crack with CA?
- For decor, yes. For function, no: the crack means ALL layer bonding in that area is weak, not just the visible line. Raise temp / lower fan and reprint.
- Why do only tall parts crack?
- The taller the part, the more accumulated shrinkage pulls at the layers and the more leverage any draught has. Short parts dump that stress into the bed.
Sources & references
This page is cross-checked against public manufacturer documentation and reference technical guides:
- Manufacturer Prusa Knowledge Base — Layer separation and splitting (FDM) ↗
- Technical guide Simplify3D — Print Quality Guide: Layer Separation and Splitting ↗
Still stuck? Back to the quick diagnosis or check which materials your printer can handle.